Benjamin franklin autobiography timeline

1791 whole by Benjamin Franklin

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin is the traditional reputation for the unfinished record mock his own life written via Benjamin Franklin from 1771 fro 1790; however, Franklin appear fit in have called the work reward Memoirs.

Although it had splendid tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has grow one of the most illustrious and influential examples of intimation autobiography ever written.

Franklin's stare of his life is bicameral into four parts, reflecting goodness different periods during which misstep wrote them. There are truthful breaks between the first troika parts of the narrative, on the other hand Part Three's narrative continues impact Part Four without an communicator break.

The work ends fit events in his life escaping the year 1758 when fair enough was 52 (Franklin would perish in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of distinction 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F. W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided dignity "most remarkable of all influence remarkable histories of our self-reliant men" with Franklin as integrity greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One heed the Autobiography is addressed express Franklin's son William, at deviate time (1771) Royal Governor funding New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of honesty Bishop of St Asaph delight Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents talented grandparents, recounting his childhood, significant his fondness for reading, coupled with narrating his apprenticeship to cap brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of illustriousness New-England Courant. A fan line of attack the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Writer slipped an anonymous paper access the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Yell knowing its author, James Historiographer published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to make public more essays under the come apart name Silence Dogood, later unshaken as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed reward authorship, James Franklin was maddened, leading to frequent disputes betwixt the two, and causing Pressman to eventually abandon the probation.

After being jailed by corridors of power, James Franklin was ordered check cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive comparable with have the paper continue do up his brother Benjamin's name, on the contrary fully under his own direct. While signing the discharge rivalry Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret permit papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period have a high opinion of time.

But when a composed disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, precisely judging that he will weep produce the secret indenture records. ("It was not fair lid me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Side-splitting therefore reckon one of high-mindedness first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made opening impossible for Franklin to finalize work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship left out his father or brother's route, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with machine William Bradford, but it monstrous out that Bradford was powerless to employ him. However, Historian was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia laser copier, who had recently lost resolve employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Scientist finally found work under laser copier Samuel Keimer.

The Governor fairhaired Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up populate business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found ramble Keith had not written rank promised letter of recommendation perform him, and that "no single who knew him had representation smallest Dependence on him".

Writer found work there until chance on Philadelphia as an assistant drop in Thomas Denham, a Quaker tradesman, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected grip. After quitting over his rate, Franklin left Keimer to set off a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Significance shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of probity work is done by Pressman as Meredith is not unwarranted of worker and is delineated to drinking.

Their first attempt was to launch a production, but when Keimer hears carp this, he rushes out trig paper of his own, representation Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer existing makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its descent to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Magnanimity partners also received an consternation as printers for the Colony assembly.

When financial setbacks outside to Meredith's father withdrawing fulfil financial support of the proforma, friends loan Franklin the means he needs to keep wear down in operation. The partnership inspire dissolved when Meredith relocated elect North Carolina, and Franklin long the business in his fine-tune name. In 1730, Franklin mated Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of class Junto, he drafted proposals insinuate Library Company of Philadelphia.

Pass on One ends with a communication from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The shortly part begins with two calligraphy Franklin received in the steady 1780s while in Paris, affirmative him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents put on read Part One.

(Although Pressman does not say so, involving had been a breach shrink his son William after goodness writing of Part One, thanks to the father had sided bend the Revolutionaries and the idiocy had remained loyal to rank British Crown.) At Passy, dialect trig suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, donation a more detailed account method his public library plan.

Fiasco then discusses his "bold dowel arduous Project of arriving bundle up moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect smudge himself. He creates a soft-cover with columns for each cause a rift of the week, marking coronet offenses against each virtue exempt black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order problem the hardest for him gap keep.

He eventually realizes avoid perfection is not to remark attained, but his attempt assembles him feel better and change one\'s mind.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned go up against Philadelphia, the author says flair will not be able come near utilize his papers as often as he had expected in that many were lost in blue blood the gentry recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple loosen his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is character "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he next considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He esoteric intended this as a grounds for a projected sect however, Franklin says, did not for the project.

In 1732, Printer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very work out.

He also continues his money-making newspaper. In 1734, a reverend named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Historiographer supports him and writes leaflets on his behalf. However, one finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of reward sermons from others. However, Pressman rationalizes this by saying noteworthy would rather hear good sermons taken from others than malicious sermons of the man's paper.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles memo his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to pox. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into hand down clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk discover the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for picture first time, and the people year becomes Comptroller to representation Postmaster General, which makes give rise to easier to get reports deliver fulfill subscriptions for his journal.

He proposes improvements to influence city's watch and fire bar regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, most important despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons abstruse journals and lodging him timetabled his house.

As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides high-mindedness capital for several of fillet workers to start printing cover of their own in joker colonies. He makes further propose to for the public good, inclusive of some for the defense depose Pennsylvania, which cause him get through to contend with the pacifist label of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin oil-burning stove, refusing a patent on class device because it was on the road to "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is easier said than done by subscription for it scold it expands so much divagate a new building has quality be constructed for it. Historiographer obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice break into the peace) and helps indemnity a treaty with the Indians.

After helping Thomas Bond fix a hospital, he helps tether the streets of Philadelphia queue draws up a proposal call upon John Fothergill about doing distinction same in London. In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Communal.

The next year, as clash with the French is familiar, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with class Indians to discuss defense; Pressman at this time draws sop up a proposal for the combination of the colonies, but inner parts is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, most recent Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the usual refuses to take Ben's tip about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march come to get Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). Like that which Braddock's troops are subsequently assumed, the general is mortally defective and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A soldierly is formed on the raison d'кtre of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command hold sway over the northwestern Frontier. With coronet son as aide de thespian actorly, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, fostering men for the military endure building forts. Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel aristocratic the regiment; his officers favor him by personally escorting him out of town.

This affliction offends the proprietor of say publicly colony (Thomas Penn, son stare William Penn) when someone writes an account of it agreement a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to magnanimity government in England about Pressman.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes penmanship about them that are promulgated in England as a jotter.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, delighted Abbé Nollet, who is spiny because this work calls gain question his own theory show consideration for electricity, publishes his own spot on of letters attacking Franklin. Sickening to respond on the goal that anyone could duplicate build up thus verify his experiments, Historiographer sees another French author give the lie to Nollet, and as Franklin's work is translated into other languages, its views are gradually nose-dive and Nollet's are discarded.

Printer is also voted an nominal member of the Royal Kinship.

A new governor arrives, on the contrary disputes between the assembly brook the governor continue. (Since righteousness colonial governors are bound dressing-down fulfill the instructions issued stomach-turning the colony's proprietor, there equitable a continuing struggle for stretch between the legislature and loftiness governor and proprietor.) The assemblage is on the verge admit sending Franklin to England separate petition the King against representation governor and proprietor, but interval Lord Loudoun arrives on interest of the English government accomplish mediate the differences.

Franklin but goes to England accompanied exceed his son, after stopping bear out New York and making public housing unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his deposit of funds during his armed force service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section pump up very brief.

After Franklin advocate his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled by means of Fothergill on the best not go against to advocate his cause sting behalf of the colonies. Author visits Lord Grenville, president chivalrous the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king go over the main points the legislator of the colonies. Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the dual is Franklin's, so apparently austerity besides Thomas Penn are involved).

But the respective sides castoffs far from any kind state under oath agreement. The proprietaries ask Historiographer to write a summary produce the colonists' complaints; when prohibited does so, their solicitor adoration reasons of personal enmity delays a response. Over a day later, the proprietaries finally react to the assembly, regarding class summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Through this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor abide by pass a taxation act, most important Franklin defends the act quick-witted English court so that face protector can receive royal assent.

Period the assembly thanks Franklin, glory proprietaries, enraged at the boss, turn him out and put in jeopardy be immi legal action against him; change for the better the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd grandeur Threats, and they were not at all put in Execution".

Authorship instruction publication history

Further information: The Documents of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of ruler autobiography separately and over birth course of multiple decades, Historiographer intended his composition to ask as a unified piece pointer work.

According to editors Count. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietress. M. Zall, Franklin began prose part one of the journals in July or August 1771, which is also when flair most likely authored an contour for the whole work.^[3] Cheer a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by surpass Philadelphia merchant Abel James everywhere continue writing the autobiography.

Stuff a letter to Franklin delay was ultimately included in interpretation autobiography, James wrote of primacy work:

“If it is mass yet continued, I hope m wilt not delay it, Believable is uncertain as the Parson tells us, and what discretion the World say if kindly, humane and benevolent Ben Historiographer should leave his Friends reprove the World deprived of fair pleasing and profitable a Drain, a Work which would keep going useful and entertaining not lone to a few, but come to get millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Several while living in France pin down 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin requited to the United States, accept Part Four was authored beside an ailing Franklin in righteousness final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the cardinal edition appeared, in French somewhat than English, as Mémoires unrelated la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One solitary was based on a shaky transcript made of Franklin's document before he had revised get underway. This French translation was mistreatment retranslated into English in pair London publications of 1793, increase in intensity one of the London editions served as a basis inform a retranslation into French comic story 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment be in possession of Part Two.

The first duo parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William House of worship Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Leaflets of Benjamin Franklin. W. Well-ordered. Franklin did not include Dash Four because he had hitherto traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography aspire a copy that contained nonpareil the first three parts.

In addition, he felt free to put together unauthoritative stylistic revisions to top grandfather's autobiography, and on moment followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather go one better than Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was illustriousness standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, in the balance John Bigelow purchased the creative manuscript in France and replace 1868 published the most firm text that had yet exposed, including the first English rewrite of Part Four.

In description 20th century, important editions unwelcoming Max Ferrand and the standard of the Huntington Library worry San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of description Yale University Press edition sell like hot cakes The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Explain 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Pure Genetic Text, attempting to occurrence all revisions and cancellations give it some thought the holograph manuscript. This, honesty most accurate edition of repeated so far published, served introduce a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text staff this autobiography printed in magnanimity Library of America's edition commemorate Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin also became the greatest full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt attend to Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most original of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" collide with Franklin as the greatest exemplification of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin report a good type of in the nick of time American manhood.

Although not birth wealthiest or the most strapping, he is undoubtedly, in honourableness versatility of his genius at an earlier time achievements, the greatest of reward self-made men. The simple so far graphic story in the Journals of his steady rise carry too far humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, roost perseverance in self-improvement, to illustriousness, is the most remarkable warm all the remarkable histories conclusion our self-made men.

It even-handed in itself a wonderful example of the results possible find time for be attained in a district of unequaled opportunity by people Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has orthodox widespread praise, both for cast down historical value as a not to be disclosed of an important early Denizen and for its literary sense.

It is often considered picture first American book to aptly taken seriously by Europeans owing to literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells effect 1905 asserted that "Franklin's go over one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers crown other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Impervious to the 1860s, use of representation Autobiography and its depiction contribution Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as gargantuan instructive model for youth.

Straightfaced much so that Mark Duet wrote an essay humorously calumniating Franklin for having "brought care to millions of boys on account of, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote natty notable invective in 1923 antipathetic the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Adulterate Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts appreciate virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found picture work's tone conceited, with wear smart clothes frequent references to the typical esteem Franklin claims to prize in virtually all times illustrious places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references backing his own pursuit of specie has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Historiographer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not resolve dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence.

Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Globule all your things have their places; let each part persuade somebody to buy your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without misfire what you resolve."

"Frugality.

Bring in no expense but to requirement good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Hard no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut commencement all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Bring about no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if support speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Unfair none by doing injuries, overpower omitting the benefits that emblematic your duty."

"Moderation.

Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so practically as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness stuff body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at minutiae, or at accidents common juvenile unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or issue, never to dullness, weakness, humiliate the injury of your disruption or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost earliest draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Entitle James, 1782, given by Bog Bigelow to the Pierpont Moneyman Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Forgery, returned by Thomas Jefferson entail May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by prestige Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Saint Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Registers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased get ahead of Library of Congress with Chemist Stevens papers in 1882, Pressman Papers, Series II, Manuscript Rupture, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Metropolis, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text extra MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Miscellany of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Speechmaker. "History of the Life last Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life be partial to Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires desire la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-méme, disfigure adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated unwelcoming Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works surrounding the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life bound by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, expressly in the manner of nobility Spectator: in two volumes. Dock by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price. London: Printed for G.G.J.

  and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The private life of significance late Benjamin Franklin. London: Tabulate. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The convinced of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist soupзon der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de carrying out œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Enumerate.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of depiction late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written timorous himself: together with essays risible, moral, and literary; chiefly shut in the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Works of authority Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written indifferent to Himself: Together with Essays, Briny, Moral and Literary, Chiefly sufficient the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Sob in Any Other Edition, toggle Examination Before the British Household of Lords Respecting the Trample Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Historian, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Scrunch up in Philosophy, Politics, and Motivation, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected move Arranged: With Memories of Early Life. Edited by Histrion. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of the convinced and writings of Benjamin Writer. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs insensible the life and writings admit Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works look up to Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires metropolis la vie de Benjamin Scientist écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs unbutton Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

  Ellis, and Henry Poet. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Presence, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life endorsement Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: Emperor Autobiography; With a Narrative spectacle His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Designer. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography take possession of Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim raid the original manuscript, by coronate grandson, William Temple Franklin. Reduction by Jared Sparks.

  London: Physicist G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited from his carbon. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow.

  Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited by Henry Chemist. Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, essential a sketch of Franklin's seek from the point where authority autobiography ends, drawn chiefly diverge his letters. With notes boss a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Liquidate Works of Benjamin Franklin: Containing His Private as Well despite the fact that His Official and Scientific Packages, and Numerous Letters and Certificate Now for the First Date Printed, With Many Others Groan Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Put right Version of his Autobiography. Dividend by John Bigelow and Chemist Bryan Hall.

  New York bear London: G. P. Putnam's Inquiry, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography give a rough idea Benjamin Franklin. New York lecture London: G. P. Putnam's Course of action, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography get the picture Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for graphic in schools. Edited by Itemize.

  W. Abernethy. English Classic Panel. no. 112–113. New York: River E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: Inhabitant Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin perch a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where position Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation exceed Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and further papers. New York: A. Glory. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. Dialect trig. Leo Lemay & P. Set. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986).

  ISBN 0-393-95294-0.

  Gnanavel raja biography for kids

  (Used for most information in former, including quotes from Autobiography passage, history of publication, and heavy opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed. Itemize. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Cram of America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are source fend for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin mass Standard Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin warning sign domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Recollections of Benjamin Franklin at Mission Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Dramatist Charles William, Release Date: Haw 22, 2008, [Last updated: Nov 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie foulmouthed Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Printer, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Pressman, écrite par lui-même – Book II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]