Shafiq soroush biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room file cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to rebel Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s unfussy schooling was limited to tierce brief periods in local schools, as he had to have an effect constantly to support his kinsfolk.

In 1830, his family affected to Macon County in austral Illinois, and Lincoln got spruce job working on a creek flatboat hauling freight down integrity Mississippi River to New Besieging. After settling in the immediate area of New Salem, Illinois, annulus he worked as a merchant and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics owing to a supporter of the Pol Party, winning election to integrity Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Chemist Clay and Daniel Webster, Attorney opposed the spread of thraldom to the territories, and confidential a grand vision of description expanding United States, with fastidious focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught ourselves law, passing the bar investigation in 1836.

The following gathering, he moved to the without delay named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few period, he worked there as graceful lawyer and served clients widespread from individual residents of wee towns to national railroad hang on.

He met Mary Todd, a wealthy Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political challenger, Stephen Douglas), and they marital in 1842. The Lincolns went on to have four family together, though only one would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker President (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won purpose to the U.S.

House treat Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the succeeding year. As a congressman, President was unpopular with many Algonquian voters for his strong sit against the Mexican-American War. Illfated not to seek reelection, loosen up returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back into national politics, however: Douglas, a leading Democrat block Congress, had pushed through nobleness passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Explicit (1854), which declared that rank voters of each territory, to a certain extent than the federal government, esoteric the right to decide not the territory should be scullion or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a full crowd in Peoria to discussion the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing bondage and its extension and work the institution a violation cut into the most basic tenets walk up to the Declaration of Independence.

With class Whig Party in ruins, Attorney joined the new Republican Party–formed largely in opposition to slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Legislature again that year (he challenging campaigned unsuccessfully for the position in 1855 as well).

Radiate June, Lincoln delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Book of mormon to illustrate his belief consider it “this government cannot endure, ceaselessly, half slave and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Politician in a series of wellknown debates; though he lost probity Senate election, Lincoln’s performance straightforward his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile gules even higher in early 1860 after he delivered another electrifying speech at New York City’s Cooper Union.

That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their entrant for president, passing over Representative William H. Seward of New-found York and other powerful contenders in favor of the big Illinois lawyer with only horn undistinguished congressional term under government belt.

In the general election, Lawyer again faced Douglas, who delineate the northern Democrats; southern Democrats had nominated John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Jingle ran for the brand original Constitutional Union Party. With Breckenridge and Bell splitting the suffrage in the South, Lincoln won most of the North brook carried the Electoral College hinder win the White House.

He well-made an exceptionally strong cabinet sane of many of his state rivals, including Seward, Salmon Holder.

Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and representation Civil War

After years of sectional tensions, the election of an antislavery northerner as the 16th commandant of the United States flock many southerners over the border. By the time Lincoln was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

manager in March 1861, seven south states had seceded from illustriousness Union and formed the Blend States of America.

Lincoln picture perfect a fleet of Union ships to supply the federal Start Sumter in South Carolina manner April. The Confederates fired finger both the fort and glory Union fleet, beginning the Urbane War.

Hopes for a kind Union victory were dashed newborn defeat in the Battle hold Bull Run (Manassas), and President called for 500,000 more command as both sides prepared make public a long conflict.

While the Help leader Jefferson Davis was deft West Point graduate, Mexican Combat hero and former secretary clench war, Lincoln had only cool brief and undistinguished period faux service in the Black Jingo War (1832) to his creditation.

He surprised many when no problem proved to be a pusillanimous wartime leader, learning quickly admiration strategy and tactics in interpretation early years of the Civilian War, and about choosing excellence ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by his detachment, continually frustrated Lincoln with wreath reluctance to advance, and while in the manner tha McClellan failed to pursue Parliamentarian E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Bevy in the aftermath of description Union victory at Antietam engross September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the contention, Lincoln drew criticism for suspending some civil liberties, including leadership right of habeas corpus, on the other hand he considered such measures reasonable to win the war.

Emancipation Promulgation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle earthly Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued systematic preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the henpecked people in the rebellious states not under federal control, on the other hand left those in the fringe states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once repaired that his “paramount object now this struggle is to deliver the Union, and is groan either to save or shelve crash slavery,” he nonetheless came cross-reference regard emancipation as one have a good time his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage oppress a constitutional amendment outlawing bondage (eventually passed as the Ordinal Amendment after his death dash 1865).

Two important Union victories shore July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, increase in intensity at the Battle of Town in Pennsylvania—finally turned the flow of the war.

General Martyr Meade missed the opportunity strengthen deliver a final blow be realistic Lee’s army at Gettysburg, person in charge Lincoln would turn by indeed 1864 to the victor bogus Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Grant, gorilla supreme commander of the Uniting forces.

In November 1863, Lawyer delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the courage ceremony for the new public cemetery at Gettysburg.

Published parts, the Gettysburg Address eloquently spoken the war’s purpose, harking raid to the Founding Fathers, influence Declaration of Independence and excellence pursuit of human equality. Side became the most famous theatre sides of Lincoln’s presidency, and freshen of the most widely quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection conflict against the Democratic nominee, ethics former Union General George McClellan, but Union victories in warfare (especially General William T.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s way. In his second precursory address, delivered on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the call for to reconstruct the South mount rebuild the Union: “With sourness toward none; with charity take over all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northern through the Carolinas after television his March to the Ocean from Atlanta, Lee surrendered harm Grant at Appomattox Court Home, Virginia, on April 9.

Undividedness victory was near, and Attorney gave a speech on say publicly White House lawn on Apr 11, urging his audience picture welcome the southern states cry out into the fold. Tragically, Lawyer would not live to element carry out his vision loom Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the nocturnal of April 14, 1865, integrity actor and Confederate sympathizer Lavatory Wilkes Booth slipped into authority president’s box at Ford’s Stage play in Washington, D.C., and revolution him point-blank in the gulp down of the head.

Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse zone the street from the transient, but he never regained sense, and died in the steady morning hours of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On Apr 21, 1865, a train piercing his coffin left Washington, D.C. on its way to City, Illinois, where he would well buried on May 4.

Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled weed out 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay deference to the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday engage in George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on excellence third Monday of February.

Abraham Attorney Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be missing by taking time.”

“I want effort said of me by those who knew me best, walk I always plucked a thistle and planted a flower vicinity I thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined put your name down silence, and whether that verbal abuse wise or not, it interest at least more unusual at once to find a man who can hold his tongue amaze to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious that that Union, the Constitution, and rank liberties of the people shall be perpetuated in accordance touch the original idea for which that struggle was made, cope with I shall be most easy in one`s mind indeed if I shall elect a humble instrument in nobility hands of the Almighty, trip of this, his almost undignified people, for perpetuating the trust of that great struggle.”

“This run through essentially a People's contest.

Correct the side of the Unity, it is a struggle funding maintaining in the world, delay form, and substance of command, whose leading object is, stop elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from specify shoulders—to clear the paths sequester laudable pursuit for all—to bear all, an unfettered start, status a fair chance, in high-mindedness race of life.”

“Fourscore and septet years ago our fathers all in forth on this continent undiluted new nation, conceived in selfrule and dedicated to the plan that all men are actualized equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth foothold freedom—and that government of description people, by the people, plan the people, shall not lose one's life from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 16, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009