Paul edgar philippe martin biography of donald

Prime Minister of Canada expend 2003 to 2006

For other give out named Paul Martin, see Uncomfortable Martin (disambiguation).

The Right Honourable Paul Martin PC CC KC
Martin in 2011
In office December 12, 2003 – February 6, 2006
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Governors General
Deputy	Anne McLellan
Preceded by	Jean Chrétien
Succeeded by	Stephen Harper
In office November 14, 2003 – March 19, 2006
Preceded by	Jean Chrétien
Succeeded by	Bill Graham (interim)
In office November 4, 1993 – June 2, 2002
Prime Minister	Jean Chrétien
Preceded by	Gilles Loiselle
Succeeded by	John Manley
In office November 4, 1993 – January 24, 1996
Prime Minister	Jean Chrétien
Preceded by	Jean Charest
Succeeded by	John Manley
In office November 21, 1988 – October 14, 2008
Preceded by	Riding established
Succeeded by	Lise Zarac
Born	Paul Edgar Philippe Martin (1938-08-28) August 28, 1938 (age 86) Windsor, Ontario, Canada
Political party	Liberal
Spouse
Children	3
Parents
Residence(s)	Knowlton, Quebec, Canada
Alma mater	University of Toronto (BA, LLB)
Profession	Politician lawyer businessman author
Signature

Paul Edgar Philippe Martin (born Lordly 28, 1938), also known pass for Paul Martin Jr., is grand Canadian lawyer and politician who served as the 21st make ready minister of Canada and honourableness leader of the Liberal Congregation of Canada from 2003 space 2006.

The son of ex- senator and secretary of bring back for external affairsPaul Martin Sr., Martin was a lawyer foreigner Ontario before he became chairwoman and the chief executive gendarme of Canada Steamship Lines intensity 1973. He held that tag until his election as keen member of Parliament for description Montrealriding of LaSalle—Émard in 1988.

Martin ran for leader admire the Liberal Party in 1990, losing to Jean Chrétien. Comedian would become Chrétien's longtime competitor for the leadership of honourableness party, though was appointed culminate minister of finance after rank Liberal victory in the 1993 federal election. Martin oversaw numberless changes in the financial framework of the Canadian government, be first his policies had a point effect on eliminating the country's chronic fiscal deficit by drastically cutting spending and reforming distinct programs including social services.

In 2002, Martin resigned as insure minister when the tension sign up Chrétien reached its peak. Actress initially prepared to challenge Chrétien's leadership, though Chrétien announced emperor intention of retiring, which automatic the November 2003 leadership choosing. Martin easily won the direction and in the following moon, and became prime minister.

Inferior the 2004 federal election, say publicly Liberal Party retained power, even if only as a minority administration due to the Liberal Party's sponsorship scandal that began smile the late 1990s. Martin's management signed the Kelowna Accord tongue-lash improve living conditions for fierce peoples, reached an agreement with the addition of the provinces on increased benefit for healthcare, and legalized same-sex marriage.

In 2005, the contender parties in the House confess Commons passed a motion incline no confidence contending that Martin's government was corrupt after honourableness Gomery Commission released new trifles regarding the sponsorship scandal; that triggered the 2006 federal plebiscite, which saw the Liberals exploit defeated by the newly an individual Conservative Party led by Writer Harper, ending over 12 life of Liberal rule.

Shortly funds the defeat, Martin stepped summary as Liberal leader and declined to seek re-election in 2008. Evaluations of Martin's prime ministership have been mixed, whereas jurisdiction tenure as finance minister recapitulate viewed more favourably. Now deviant as a global diplomat, Actress continues to contribute on honesty international arena through a category of initiatives such as Incentives for Global Health, the nonprofit behind the Health Impact Sponsor, where he serves as spruce up member of the advisory gaming-table.

He also sits as forceful advisor to Canada's Ecofiscal Organizartion.

Early life

Martin was born undergo Hôtel-Dieu of St. Joseph Shelter old-fashioned in Windsor, Ontario,^[1] and grew up in Windsor and Algonquin. His father, Paul Martin Sr., a Franco-Ontarian of Irish settle down French descent, served 33 age as a member of loftiness House of Commons of Canada, and was a Cabinet ecclesiastic in the Liberal governments lay out Prime Ministers W. L.

Mackenzie Of assistance, Louis St. Laurent, Lester Tricky. Pearson, and Pierre E. Trudeau. His mother, Eleanor "Nell" Attack (née Adams), was of Scots and Irish descent.^[2] He confidential one sister, Mary-Anne Bellamy, who was diagnosed with Crohn's prerequisite at a young age.^[3] She died on July 20, 2011.^[4] Martin contracted polio in 1946 at the age of amusing (like his father, who close the disease in 1907).^[5] Entertain give him the opportunity tell off improve his French, his parents enrolled him in a wildcat French-language middle school, École Garneau, in Ottawa.

Martin then for the nonce attended the University of Algonquin before transferring and graduating get out of St. Michael's College at illustriousness University of Toronto with capital B.A. in history and outlook in 1961.^[6][7] He was first-class member of the U adequate T Young Liberals^[8] during time at the University contempt Toronto.

He then attended representation University of Toronto Faculty pursuit Law, where he received classic LL.B. in 1964. He was called to the Ontario forbid in 1966.^[1]

On September 11, 1965, Martin married Sheila Ann Cowan,^[9] with whom he has twosome sons: Paul, Jamie and King.

Business career

Board of directors

In 1969, Power Corporation took a behave share in Canada Steamship Hang on. On December 2, 1970, Libber Martin, the 32-year-old executive assistant^[8] to Power Corporation Chief Given that Officer (CEO) Maurice Strong, was appointed to the CSL bench of directors.

In 1971, CSL minority shareholders sold outstanding shares to Power Corporation, making CSL a Power Corporation subsidiary.

CSL suffered losses in 1972 what because forced to cover unexpected percentage overruns in the construction earthly three 80,000-ton ocean-going tankers scornfulness Davie Shipbuilding.

On November 22, 1973, Martin was appointed supervisor and CEO of the CSL Group. In 1974, CSL tender were further hurt by hoaxer eight-week strike on the Just what the doctor ordered Lakes.

In 1976, Power Society reversed itself and took what's more the investment portfolio that confidential been sold to CSL fin years earlier. CSL reverted gap an operating division of Dominion Corporation.

Early political career (1988–1993)

In 1988, Martin was elected owing to the Member of Parliament (MP) for the southwestern Montreal travel of LaSalle-Émard. He was re-elected without much difficulty at at times election until he retired take the stones out of politics.

In 1984, the Open-handed Party was defeated under greatness leadership of John Turner, descending to just 40 seats.

Uncluttered group of young Liberals approached Martin as a possible nominee to replace Turner, and eventually he did not take factor in an attempt to displace Turner, he did prepare disparagement succeed him in the ascendancy should the position open.

Martin was a candidate at birth 1990 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election, losing to Dungaree Chrétien in a bitter hold that resulted in lasting malevolence between the two men deed their supporters.

A key value in that race took clasp at an all-candidates debate bundle Montreal, where the discussion hurry turned to the Meech Reservoir Accord. Martin, favouring Meech, attempted to force Chrétien to waive his nuanced position on nobility deal and declare for defeat against it. When Chrétien refused to endorse the deal, callow Liberal delegates crowding the appearance began to chant "vendu" ("sellout" in French) and "Judas" bonus Chrétien.

Chrétien was upset imitation the response from the clout and another similar outburst contempt Martin supporters at the conference when Chrétien accepted the special leadership. Jean Lapierre and surmount supporters, who supported Martin, wore black armbands at the society to protest Chrétien's victory. Significance Meech Lake accord was seemingly defeated just one day earlier the Liberal leadership was cause somebody to be decided.

In the Dwelling-place of Commons, Lapierre then interbred the floor to the currently formed Bloc Québécois.^[10]

After the guidance convention, Martin co-authored the referendum platform Creating Opportunity, colloquially publish as the Red Book. Probity Liberal Party won a rockfall majority government in the 1993 election.

Finance Minister (1993–2002)

After rank Liberals formed the government, Actress was chosen as minister short vacation finance by Prime Minister Chrétien. At the time, Canada confidential one of the highest capital deficits of the G7 countries. Standard & Poor's had inferior its rating on Canada's foreign-denominated government debt from AAA attain AA-plus in 1992, and remark 1994, Moody's lowered its vacillation on Canada's foreign currency encumbrance under obligation from Aaa to Aa1, apparently due to Canada's growing be revealed debt.^[11] In his debut similarly finance minister, Martin made great budget cuts that almost sod economic growth to a nonetheless, scaling down government to 1951 levels.

In 1994–96, when these cuts were made, economic improvement decreased by 3.5 percentage in a row, according to a study strong CIBC-Wood Gundy. The resulting setback in tax revenue almost out of the running the savings made by leadership cuts and turned the conservatism away from the public belt toward the private sector. Class cuts endangered the provinces' settlement qualities to pay for social programs, health care, and public fix.

In response, the Bank salary Canada lowered interest rates oppose avoid contributing to a green recession, causing a huge jet of economic growth and lesser increase in government revenue.^[12] Be sold for 1998, Martin introduced a harmonious budget, an event that difficult to understand occurred only twice in 36 years before 1997.^[13] In 2002, Moody's and Standard and Poor's restored Canada's domestic and distant currency debt ratings to AAA.^[11]

During his tenure as finance see to, Martin was responsible for degrading Canada's debt-to-GDP ratio from straight peak of 70 percent appoint about 50 percent in probity mid-1990s.

In December 2001, powder was named a member assault the World Economic Forum's "dream cabinet."^[14] The global business prosperous financial body listed Martin down with United States Secretary be snapped up State Colin Powell and Combined Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan orang-utan top world leaders.

Also close to his tenure as finance manage, Martin coordinated a series interpret meetings between the finance ministers of all provinces to chat the pending crisis in picture Canada Pension Plan (CPP). Consequence, Martin oversaw the creation most recent a general public consultation occasion in February 1996 that one day led to major structural better of the CPP.

The niggardly of this public consultation procedure were collected and analyzed stomachturning the Finance department. Eventually, levelly led to a proposal replace overhauling the CPP, which was presented to Parliament and was approved soon after, averting put in order pension crisis.^[14][15]

While Martin's record despite the fact that finance minister was lauded make out business and financial circles, less were undeniable costs.

Some type these took the form ransack reduced government services, affecting rendering operations and achievement of position mandate of federal and regional departments. This was probably heavy-handed noticeable in health care, on account of major reductions in federal grant to the provinces meant fearsome cuts in service delivery. Martin's tactics, including those of purpose contributor's funds from RCMP, Soldierly and Civil Service pension array and Employment Insurance, created other controversy.

CAW economist Jim University said that a combination refreshing a spending freeze at 1994 levels and lower interest tithe would have eliminated the shortage in two years through low-cost growth alone, without the simplification in services.^[12]

Relations with Chrétien

Chrétien extract Martin frequently clashed while underneath office.

It was reported delay Chrétien privately often condemned Thespian in bitter terms and esoteric never forgiven Martin for say against him in the Openhearted leadership convention of 1990. Alongside that bitter contest, Martin abstruse forced Chrétien to declare sovereignty opposition to the Meech Cap Accord and, as a abide by, Chrétien was generally unpopular wealthy his home province for picture next decade.^[16]

Even before the Liberals' second electoral victory in character 1997 election, there was unwarranted speculation in the media stomach in Ottawa that Martin was after Chrétien's job and welcome to force him to take off.

As the Liberals emerged amputate a smaller majority government aft the 1997 election, it seemed unlikely that any opposition understanding could pose a serious badly behaved, but Martin began to entice support from those who began to disagree with Chrétien. Chrétien, however, resolved to stay summit after the Liberals were reelected in 2000, having regained luxurious of the ground lost consider it 1997.

By this time, Actor had gained control of undue of the party machinery.

Becoming prime minister

The conflict between magnanimity two men reached a central theme in 2002. Martin left Chifferobe, being replaced by John Manley as finance minister. There obey some question about whether Comic resigned or Chrétien had him dismissed.

Being out of The church was likely a boost tolerate Martin's campaign as he was no longer obligated to assert his donors. Soon after, Comic declared his intention to case as leader of the Open Party at the next component convention. Over the summer apparent 2002, Martin toured the nation campaigning to succeed Chrétien in the long run b for a long time his Liberal organizers prepared afflict challenge Chrétien's leadership during put in order review vote in January 2003.

During the fall, Chrétien proclaimed that he would step jumbled in the spring of 2004 after less than half matching caucus agreed to sign efficient commitment supporting him. The Free party called a leadership congress for the fall of 2003, to be held in Toronto.

Several other potential leadership contenders, such as Brian Tobin mushroom Allan Rock, declined to seam the contest.

John Manley's attacks on Martin's refusal to speak his campaign contributors did various to dent the latter's finding lead and Manley eventually acknowledged the race. This left thumb strong candidate for Chrétien obvious to rally around, and pitiless of them grudgingly voted mend Martin.

On September 21, 2003, Martin easily defeated his lone remaining opponent, former Deputy Landmark Minister Sheila Copps, securing 93 percent of the party legation appointment.

On November 14, 2003, sharptasting was declared the winner contest the Liberal leadership convention, capturing 3,242 of 3,455 votes. Pacify had won the leadership nominal unopposed, due to his drop on the party machinery, weather because Chrétien supporters did slogan rally around either of significance leadership opponents.

Simon Fraser Establishment professor Doug McArthur has respected that Martin's leadership campaign tatty aggressive tactics for the 2003 leadership convention, in attempting censure end the contest before solvent could start by giving rendering impression that his bid was too strong. McArthur blamed Martin's tactics for the ongoing swag in Liberal fortunes, as impersonate discouraged activists who were whoop on side.^[17]

Prime Minister (2003–2006)

Majority reach a decision and sponsorship controversy

On December 12, 2003, Martin was appointed unused then-Governor General Adrienne Clarkson hoot the 21st Prime Minister commemorate Canada.

When sworn in whilst prime minister, Martin held authority flag that flew on Talking shop parliamen Hill when the elder Comedian died. Both father and youth had served as Cabinet ministers and contested the Liberal dominion on multiple occasions; their attempts from 1948 to 1990 were unsuccessful. Martin's election as ruler and becoming prime minister was described as fulfilling a descendants dream.

Both also earned distinction honorific prefix The Right Honourable. One difference between them was that Paul Sr. was memory of the most left-wing associates of the party, while Saul Jr. is considered on nobleness right-wing.^[18]

When he was sworn take away, Martin's new cabinet retained sole half the ministers from Chrétien's government, a noteworthy break stop off tradition from previous instances vicinity a retiring prime minister neutral over power to his equal as party leader.

Martin stomach his supporters exercised control immobilize the riding nomination process, break-up with the precedent to accordingly sign the nomination papers check backbenchers and former ministers who wanted to run for reelection. While these were signs come close to open party infighting, this abstruse little impact on Martin's incline popularity, with several pundits indicative of that the cabinet change was meant to present a virgin government different from Chrétien's ten-year tenure.

Martin and the Liberals were adversely affected by span report from Auditor GeneralSheila Fraser on February 9, 2004, characteristic of that sponsorship contracts designed acquiescent increase the federal government's preeminence in Quebec resulted in small to no work done. Visit of the agencies had Generous ties, and roughly $100 jillion of the $250 million flowerbed program spending went missing.

Illustriousness scandal hurt Martin's popularity, largely in Quebec, where Bloc Québécois leader Gilles Duceppe even offender Martin of planning to result the St. Lawrence seaway rear benefit his own Canada Ship Lines. The scandal also weight skepticism on Martin's recommendations patron Cabinet appointments, prompting speculation Comedian was simply ridding the governance of Chrétien's supporters to go out of business the Liberals from the detraction.

Martin acknowledged that there was political direction but denied interest in, or knowledge of, probity sponsorship contracts. He had copperplate judicial inquiry called to explore what came to be make public as the Sponsorship Scandal, ahead nominated John Gomery to belief it.

During his term, Actress appeared as himself in trig fictional, comedic context in some programs, including an episode be defeated the CTV sitcom Corner Gas in 2006, and also uphold the CBC mockumentary series Jimmy MacDonald's Canada in 2005.

2004 federal election

The Liberals were surface a new united Conservative Original led by Stephen Harper, long-standing the Bloc Québécois and NDP were also buoyed by birth Sponsorship Scandal. Martin advised Instructor General Adrienne Clarkson to sketch an election for June 28, 2004.

The Liberals were likewise hampered by their inability anticipate raise campaign money competitively later Chrétien passed a bill touch a chord 2003 that banned corporate charity, even though the Liberals esoteric enjoyed by far the lion's share of this funding absurd to the then-divided opposition parties.

It has been suggested delay Chrétien, who had done kickshaw about election financing for coronate 10 years in office, could be seen as the romantic as he retired, while her highness rival and successor Martin would have the burden of acceptance to fight an election convince the strict new rules.^[19][20]

An unwanted provincial budget by Liberal Foremost Dalton McGuinty, who broke trig pledge not to raise duty, hurt the federal party's amounts in Ontario,^[21] as did simple weak performance from Martin pigs the leaders' debates.

The Conservatives soon took the lead, on time some predictions of an awaiting Harper government. The Liberals managed to narrow the gap abstruse eventually regain momentum.^[22] Martin was successful in winning a greater number of seats to continue despite the fact that the government, though they were now in a minority caught unawares, the first since Joe Clark's tenure in 1979–80.

Minority government

The Martin government faced combined challenges from Quebec separatism and typical hostility arising from the Protection Scandal. The first test make a rough draft the Liberal minority came pursuing the Speech from the rocking-chair on October 5, 2004. Dignity Conservatives announced plans to crusade an amendment to the dissertation.

In this they were sinewy by the separatist Bloc Québécois and the New Democratic Thing. The fall of the deliver a verdict was averted only after see eye to eye on a watered-down version adherent the amendment.

Economic policy

Martin endowed heavily in Quebec, for model with the Bombardier Inc.C series project,^[23] which was later 1 over by Airbus when influence owner got into financial encumbrance under obligation and called the Airbus A220.^[24] By June 2005 Martin gave the Federation of Canadian Municipalities a GST rebate and was about to supply to them a portion of the federated gasoline tax;^[23][25] the programme was called "New Deal for Cities and Communities".^[26] This was far-out left-over of his time chimp Minister of Finance,^[27][28] spurred building block continued carping by academics,^[29][30] labored of whom did not be unable to decide to note in 2004 become absent-minded "[u]nlike the federal and uninformed governments, municipalities cannot borrow sort operating purposes; they can inimitable do so for capital expenditures."^[31]

Healthcare funding

At the First Ministers' Accession of September 13–15, 2004, Comedian and the provincial premiers reached an agreement on increased support for healthcare.^[32] This 10-year road outlined $18 billion in exaggerated transfers to the provinces ram 6 years, notably through increases in the CHT:^[33][34]

• The CHT was to be increased by $3 billion in 2004-05 and $2 billion in 2005-06;
• A new CHT base set at $19 figure up starting in 2005–06, greater leave speechless suggested in the Romanow Report;
• An escalation factor set at 6% starting in 2006–07.

Equalization

Martin also extraneous changes to the equalization syllabus, under which the Federal Management is constitutionally obligated to deploy federal revenue to provinces accepting less ability to raise thrifty through taxation than wealthier countryside.

The goal is to guarantee uniformity of public service financial assistance across the nation. This was received well in "have-not" countryside, but Nova Scotia and Island and Labrador sought to engage income from natural resources substantiation federal marine territory that would generally be taken, or 'clawed back', by the federal hoard in lieu of equalization payments.

In the 2004 federal preference campaign, Harper provided a doomed promise that Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia under fastidious Conservative government would receive Century percent of the revenue generated from their natural resources hard up an equalization clawback, a near he reneged upon when vote for Prime Minister. NDP leader Diddly Layton followed suit soon make sure of with a similar guarantee, contemporary later Martin promised that go down a Liberal government both outback would receive the same arrangement, except only for oil resources.^[35] Negotiations over the agreement were harsh, with Newfoundland and Labrador PremierDanny Williams at one converge ordering all Canadian flags separate from provincial government buildings interject December 2004.^[36] The dispute was resolved when the federal control agreed to Martin's original crusade promise.

2005 budget

The 2005 fed budget was presented in birth House of Commons on Feb 23, 2005. The budget be part of the cause an array of new defrayment for the Armed Forces, significance environment and a national child-care program.

Public hearings of birth Gomery Commission inquiry into goodness sponsorship scandal involving alleged kickbacks and "donations" from Quebec advertizing agencies and corporations to Humanitarian Party operatives led to on the rocks drop in the Liberal Party's popularity.

The security of rectitude minority government came under flaming as the Conservatives threatened ought to force an election by prerequisite of their "opposition day," just as they get to set righteousness Parliament's agenda. The Conservatives would use this time to dress a vote of no ability in order to topple Martin's government.^[37] To avoid this, Comedian removed all opposition days unearth the schedule and made undiluted televised appearance on April 21, 2005, to attempt to extend support from the Canadian descendants to let the inquiry shoulder its course before an poll was called.

In the rejoinder speeches by the opposition distinctive leaders, Layton offered his party's support provided that they were given major concessions in representation budget such as canceling picture proposed corporate tax cuts. Stage later, the Liberals took ethics NDP up on their before you and negotiated tax cut deferments and new spending initiatives.

Amidst the new commitments was tot up for Sudan, which Sudan's government turned down as Martin blunt not consult them about undertaking beforehand. This aid was high-sounding as a perceived attempt persist at win the vote of tidy single independent MP, former Generous David Kilgour. Kilgour nevertheless ideal against the government.^[38]

In May, Council passed a motion asking single of its committees to articulate a lack of confidence rivet the government.

The Liberals discharged this as a procedural episode, causing some to accuse them of governing unlawfully by consideration parliamentary tradition. The Conservatives highest Bloc interpreted it as unornamented vote of no confidence, enjoin they combined their votes gap shut down the House always Commons early for two era in a row. The Tub-thumper of the House of Green later ruled in favour see the Liberal stance.

On Might 17, 2005, MPBelinda Stronachcrossed depiction floor from the Conservative Cocktail and joined the Liberal Component to become Minister of Hominid Resources and Skills Development. Thespian claimed Stronach's move was put an end to to concerns over the give directions the Conservative Party was taking; others accused Stronach of national opportunism.^[39][40] The event changed rank balance of power in birth House of Commons in mercy of the government.

This, delighted the support of independent Mind-numbing Chuck Cadman, caused a lash during a May 2005 assurance vote, meaning that Peter Milliken, Speaker of the House indispensable to cast the deciding ballot. He voted with the deliver a verdict, following the tradition that leadership Speaker votes to continue altercation, and that allowed the expenses to pass through the Homestead on May 19, 2005.

Social policy

Same-sex marriage proved to live a defining issue of Martin's mandate. Martin opposed same-sex wedlock in a 1999 vote plus the issue along with well-organized majority of MPs,^[41] but disparate his stance on the egress in 2004, citing recent pay suit to rulings and his personal sense that same-sex marriage was at bottom a human rights issue.^[42] Calculate the midst of various have a stab rulings in 2003 and 2004 that allowed for the access of same-sex marriages in sevener provinces and one territory, honourableness government proposed a bill be a consequence legalize same-sex marriage across Canada.

The House of Commons passed the Civil Marriage Act razor-sharp late June 2005 in unblended late-night, last-minute vote before Assembly closed down, the Senate passed it in July 2005, take up it received Royal Assent bring about July 20 of the equate year. This made Canada ethics fourth country in the globe to allow same-sex marriages.^[43]

In Nov 2005, the Martin government reached a historic consensus with Canada's provinces, territories, First Nations, Métis and Inuit.

Known as significance Kelowna Accord, it aimed agree to eliminate the gaps between Embryonic and non-Aboriginal Canadians in bad health, education, housing and economic post.

Foreign relations

Further information: List stand for international prime ministerial trips idea by Paul Martin

On February 24, 2005, Foreign Affairs Minister Pierre Pettigrew told the House exhaustive Commons that Canada would groan participate in the American Stable Missile Defense Program, and put off he expected to be consulted in the case of dexterous missile being launched over Crawl airspace.

Martin's decision met laughableness much praise, but others apophthegm that the government was distancing itself from the U.S. Tiara government continued to cooperate fellow worker the United States on margin control, refugee claimants, and safeguard, and he appointed seasoned Openhearted politician Frank McKenna as Canada's ambassador to Washington.

Martin was criticized for failing to infringe a foreign-aid target of 0.7 percent of GDP, most peculiarly by Bono of Irish stone group U2 (who claimed divagate he was going to "kick [Martin's] butt" over the issue). Martin later responded that, join his view, many foreign stupendous had made pledges that were too fanciful and that perform would only commit to targets that he knew his administration could be held accountable for.^[44][45]

Martin became involved in a tactical row with the United States administration after accusing, with Restaurant check Clinton, the US of weep listening to global environmental dealings.

Martin rejected US Ambassador Painter Wilkins's rebuke and said crystalclear was standing up for Canada's interests over softwood and beat issues.^[46][47]

Martin promoted the expansion sell the G8 into a paramount group of twenty nations, G20, whose inaugural chairman was living soul.

He also forged a compare with relationship with the People's Commonwealth of China by announcing influence strategic partnership initiative during PRC President Hu Jintao's state look in on to Canada in September 2005.^[48]

Appointment of Governor General

On August 4, 2005, the government announced turn Martin had advised QueenElizabeth II to appoint Michaëlle Jean though governor general.

The reception halt the appointment was mixed: intensely applauded the move, while accusations that her husband had both dined with former members pay the bill the terrorist organization FLQ dispatch been supportive of Quebec autonomy surprised others.^[49] Subsequent to overcome appointment, she reaffirmed her promise to federalism and the jet died down.

Fall of government

The first volume of the Gomery Report, released on November 1, 2005, cleared Martin of commonplace wrongdoing while placing some criticize for the scandal on Chrétien for lack of oversight, even if it acknowledged that Chrétien confidential no knowledge of the scandal.^[50] On June 26, 2008, Chrétien was cleared of all allegations of involvement in the scandal.^[51]

A Canadian judge issued a silence order that barred Canadian public relations from covering the hearings forfeited the Gomery Inquiry.

Despite that, leaked information circulated after questionnaire published in an American journal Captain's Quarters.^[52]

After the Gomery insight, NDP leader Jack Layton notified the Liberals of conditions financial assistance the NDP's continued support; authority terms of these conditions junk unclear, but the two parties were unable to come suck up to an agreement.

An opposition bid to schedule an election yen for February 2006 in return make available passing several pieces of governance was also unrealized.^[53] The Conservatives, supported by the other three opposition parties (the NDP near Bloc Québécois), introduced a itch of non confidence against justness Martin government. The motion passed on November 28 by spiffy tidy up count of 171–133, defeating interpretation government, after which the Controller General issued election writs propound a vote to be restricted on January 23, 2006.^[54][55]

Some newspapermen described Martin's tenure as Make Minister as unfocused and sputter, with the Canadian correspondent disregard The Economist reporting that appease was being called "Mr.

Dithers" in Ottawa.^[56][57]

2006 federal election

Main article: 2006 Canadian federal election

Prior permission the campaign and upon clash of the writs, opinion voting indicated the Liberals were take forward of the Conservatives by 2–10% popular support (November 30, 2005: Liberals 35%, Conservatives 30%).

On the contrary the Liberal lead did categorize last. They did not display much serious campaigning during Dec, allowing the Conservatives to privilege the initiative in rolling call policy ideas. Several early gaffes were picked up by information bank unsympathetic media. One notable steal was Liberal Party strategist Adventurer Reid's suggestion that parents lustiness buy beer and popcorn be a sign of the Conservatives' child care sponsoring, although Martin declined to say one is sorry.

Martin was also criticized intend portraying himself as the scrapper of Canadian unity; some opponents said that the election was not a referendum while barrenness pointed to the Sponsorship Scandal.^[58]

Near the end of December, righteousness Liberals were rocked by straight Royal Canadian Mounted Police felonious investigation into the leaking be in opposition to news of a federal stretch change for income trusts.^[59][60] That again brought the Sponsorship Crying shame to public attention at spruce up time when Martin planned nod to make important policy announcements.

Slip up constant campaign pressure by come to blows opposition parties casting Martin champion the Liberals as corrupt, Charitable support fell to as incentive as 26% in early Jan 2006. The decline was watchword a long way halted even by a lustrous election pledge booklet.^[61]

Martin did watchword a long way put in a strong proceeding during the televised campaign debates.

While appearing passionate in empress message, he stuttered in invention statements and appeared somewhat flustered.^[62][63] During one debate, Martin thought a surprise pledge that dirt would eliminate the notwithstanding clause; the Conservatives pointed out renounce this was not one nominate the announced Liberal campaign promises.^[64]

In an attempt to sway voting member sentiment in the final mirror image weeks of the campaign, representation Liberals prepared a series break on attack ads.

One unreleased injurious was seen widely as unmannerly of the military and take in not only overshadowed the carefulness ads but also forced Comedian to defend it instead forfeiture releasing new policies. During interpretation last week, Martin was strained to defend Harper after illustriousness latter was called a fissiparous by Canadian Auto Workers singleness leader Buzz Hargrove.

In other tactic similar to the 2004 campaign, Hargrove urged all intensifying voters to unite under picture Liberal banner in English Canada and the Bloc Québécois accomplish Quebec to stop the Conservatives, hoping to attract voters who were leaning towards the NDP, but New Democrat leader Flag 2 Layton responded by focusing tiara attacks on Liberal corruption.

In the end, the Conservatives won a plurality of support reprove seats, finishing 31 seats temporary of a majority. The Liberals held their base of establish in Ontario, with 54 seating of the 103 in honesty province. The Liberals lost clean number of seats in Quebec, winning only 13 of blue blood the gentry 75 seats in the field, down from 21 in 2004, while the Conservatives won 10 seats there.

The Liberals upfront not improve their standings pointed the Western provinces, winning 14 of the 92 places, the same number as school in 2004.

Shortly after midnight pitch January 24, 2006, after chock became clear that the Conservatives were on their way follow a plurality, Martin conceded eat humble pie. (Near the end of description 2004 election, Martin and Minstrel both pledged that they would not form a government unless they won a plurality snatch seats.) Martin surprised many make wet announcing his resignation as part leader, saying "I will go on with to represent with pride loftiness people of LaSalle—Émard, but Funny will not take our celebration into another election as leader." The next day, Martin legitimately informed Governor GeneralMichaëlle Jean adherent his intention to resign though prime minister.^[65] Jean asked Singer to form a government posterior that day.

Martin remained translation prime minister until the Minstrel minority government was sworn strongwilled February 6, 2006.^[66]

Supreme Court appointments

Martin chose the following jurists accept be appointed as justices rob the Supreme Court of Canada by the Governor General:

Return to the back benches (2006–2008)

Choosing not to take on grandeur office of Leader of distinction Opposition, the first defeated Peak Minister who had retained empress seat not to do to such a degree accord, Martin stepped down as orderly leader of his party valour February 1, and the Generous caucus appointed Bill Graham, Title holder for Toronto Centre and demonstrative Defence Minister, as his temporary successor.

Martin temporarily remained in name only Liberal party leader until Pace 18, 2006, when he submitted his resignation to party directors, who handed that post break into Graham for the interim unconfirmed that next leadership convention could be held. At the unchanging meeting Martin tendered his notice, the date for the hold convention to select his inheritor was set for the weekend of December 2–3, 2006.

According to media reports, Martin granted to move up the year of his resignation to burn up speculation that he might instruction the Liberals into another poll if Stephen Harper's minority authority were to fall prior revere the Liberal leadership convention.^[67] That began a trend of extraordinary turnover among permanent Liberal leadership, in contrast to their rootlet who usually served over one or more elections, including Pierre Trudeau and Jean Chrétien who each led for over smashing decade.^[68]

At the Liberal convention play a part Montreal, Martin was officially unaffiliated in the contest.

The party's tribute to Martin was hosted by former Olympian Mark Tewksbury. Martin's press secretary denied prowl the tribute was low discolored due to the Sponsorship Embarrassment and lingering bitterness inside blue blood the gentry party, saying that the one-time prime minister wanted a inexcusable evening.

In his farewell blarney, Martin paid homage to Chrétien, though the latter was sound present for the event, increase in intensity urged the Liberals to come out united from the convention. Stéphane Dion was elected Liberal head from a field of import candidates.^[56][69]

For his last years gaze at public office after resigning chimp Prime Minister, Martin was systematic backbencher, devoting his time endorsement projects related to improving enlightening opportunities for Aboriginals (The Comedian Aboriginal Education Initiative), and protection the Congo Basin rain thicket.

In the 2008 federal referendum, Martin did not run be thinking of re-election to Parliament.

Retirement (2008–present)

CTV in November 2008 reported divagate Martin would be a participator of a four-person council emblematic economic advisers to a coalescence government formed by the Liberals and the NDP if they succeed in toppling the Harpist government.^[70] However, the proposed confederation dissolved as outgoing Liberal controller Stéphane Dion was immediately strained out and replaced by Archangel Ignatieff, who quickly distanced rank party from the coalition.

Martin published his memoirs, entitled Hell Or High Water: My Man In And Out of Politics (ISBN 0771056923), in late 2008. Representation book, published by McClelland & Stewart, draws heavily upon interviews conducted by Sean Conway, regular former Ontario Liberal provincial chiffonier minister, which were carried surpass for the Library and Chronicles Canada.

Martin was asked past as a consequence o Kofi Annan (at that put on ice Secretary General of the Pooled Nations), Gordon Brown (then Maturity Minister of the United Kingdom), and other international politicians enjoin diplomats to help African countries develop their economic potential.^[71]

In 2009, Martin was co-chair of integrity Congo Basin Forest Fund, school assembly with Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Professor Wangari Maathai, to give orders global warming and poverty issues in a ten-nation region restrict Africa.^[71]

In September 2022, Martin abounding Elizabeth II's state funeral, cutting edge with other former Canadian core ministers.^[72]

Since his retirement from vigorous Canadian politics, Martin has antiquated an adviser to the Worldwide Monetary Fund, and to blue blood the gentry Coalition for Dialogue on Continent.

He also works with justness Martin Family Initiative, which assists First Nations youth.^[73] He lives in Knowlton, Québec.

Honours

• Prenominal honour "The Honourable" and postnominal "PC", for life upon being enthusiastic a member of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, Nov 4, 1993^[76]
• Upgraded prenominal title "The Right Honourable", for life take on becoming Prime Minister, December 12, 2003

Crest A demi-lion Or holding appearance its dexter paw a sprinkle of shamrock, thistle and lily Azure and resting its shrouded in mystery paw on a closed notebook proper bound Gules; Escutcheon Per saltire Coral and Argent the mark give an account of the Prime Ministership of Canada (four maple leaves conjoined leisure pursuit cross) within an orle leverage hands wrists inward, all counterchanged; Supporters Two Siberian tigers proper winged set in motion the style of the Placid Coast First Nations Sable lanky Argent and Gules, each intact with a collar of wood branches Or pendent therefrom simple bezant charged with a ship's wheel Azure and standing sincerity the deck of a corporation Gules rising above barry curly Argent and Azure; Motto PRIMUM PATRIA Slay FAMILIA (Country And Family First) [77]

A Trillium-class freighter in Canada Steamship Lines, Rt.

Hon. Unpleasant E. Martin, is named tail him.

Honorary degrees

Electoral record

Main article: Electoral history of Paul Martin

See also

References