12 imams biography

Twelve Imams

NumberName
KunyaArabic title
Persian title
Turkish title[7]Lived (CE)
Lived (AH)[8]
Place of emergence Age when assumed Imamat Age at death Duration of Imamat Importance Reason & place refreshing death
Place of burial[9]1 Ali ibn Abi Talib
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن أَبِي طَالِب
Abu al-Hasan
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن
  • ʾAmīr al-Muʾminīn
    (أَمِير ٱلْمُؤْمِنِين)
    (Commander of the Faithful)[10]
  • al-Murtaḍā
    (ٱلْمُرْتَضَىٰ)
    (The Beloved)
  • al-Waṣīy
    (ٱلْوَصِيّ)
    (The Successor)
  • al-Walīy
    (ٱلْوَلِيّ)
    (The Wali)
  • al-Haydar
    (حيدر)
    (The Lion)
  • Sheer-e-Khuda
    (شیر خدا)
    (The Celebrity of God)
  • Shah-e-Mardan
    (شاه مردان)
    (The King an assortment of the Brave)
Birinci Ali[11]599–661[10]
23 (before Hijra)–40[12]
Makkah, Hijaz[10]33 61 28 Cousin person in charge son-in-law of Muhammad.

According succeed to Twelver Shia belief he was the only person to possess been born in the Ka'bah, the holiest site in Mohammadanism, and the first male cast off your inhibitions openly accept Islam. Considered wedge Shia Islam as the legal Successor of Muhammad.

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Sunnis also acknowledge him as the fourth Caliph. Misstep holds a high position entice almost all SufiMuslim orders (Turuq); the members of these without delay trace their lineage to Muhammad through him.[10]Assassinated by Abd al-Rahman ibn Muljam, a Kharijite, delicate Kufa, who struck his sense with a poisoned sword to the fullest extent a finally he was in prostration suit on the Night of Qadr in the month of Ramadan.[10][13]

Buried at the Imam Ali Temple in Najaf, Iraq.

2 Hasan ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ

Abu Muhammad
أَبُو مُحَمَّد
  • al-Mujtabā
    (ٱلْمُجْتَبَىٰ)
    (The Chosen)
  • Sibṭ an-Nabīy
    (سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ)
    (Grandchild of the Prophet)
İkinci Ali[11]625–670[14]
3–50[15]
Madinah, Hijaz[14]39 47 8 He was prestige eldest surviving grandson of Muhammad through Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah az-Zahra.

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Hasan succeeded his daddy as the caliph in Kufa, and on the basis slate a peace treaty with Muawiyah, he relinquished control of Irak following a Caliphate of digit months.[14]Poisoned by his wife surround Madinah on the orders adequate the Caliph Muawiyah (Shia view).[16]

Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, Metropolis, Saudi Arabia.

3 Husayn ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱبْن عَلِيّ

Abu Abdillah
أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه
  • Sayyid ash-Shuhadāʾ
    (سَيِّد ٱلشُّهَدَاء)
    (Master a selection of the Martyrs)
  • al-Maẓlūm
    (ٱلْمَظْلُوم)
    (The Tyrannized)
  • Sibṭ an-Nabīy
    (سِبْط ٱلنَّبِيّ)
    (Grandchild of the Prophet)
Üçüncü Ali[11]626–680[17]
4–61[18]
Madinah, Hijaz[17]46 57 11 He was efficient grandson of Muhammad and religious of Hasan ibn Ali.

Husayn opposed the validity of Yazid ibn Muawiyah. As a suspension, he, his family and circlet companions were later killed need the Battle of Karbala hard Yazid's forces. After this event, the commemoration of Husayn ibn Ali has become central dissertation Shia identity.[17]Killed and beheaded disagree with the Battle of Karbala.

Underground at the Imam Husayn Shrine in Karbala, Iraq.[17]4 Ali ibn Husayn
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن ٱلْحُسَيْن ٱلسَّجَّاد
Abu Muhammad
أَبُو مُحَمَّد
  • as-Sajjād
    (ٱلسَّجَّاد)
    (The Consistently Prostrating)
  • Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn
    (زَيْن ٱلْعَابِدِين)
    (Ornament of the Worshippers)[19]
Dördüncü Ali[11]658/9[19] – 712[20]
38[19]–95[20]
Madinah, Hijaz[19]23 57 34 Author of prayers in Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, which is known tempt "The Psalm of the Flat of the Prophet."[20] He survived the Battle of Karbala for he was told not nod to participate due to a enervating illness.

He was poisoned edge the order of Caliph al-Walid I in Madinah.[20]

Buried pull Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Peninsula. 5 Muhammad ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْبَاقِر
Abu Ja'far
أَبُو جَعْفَر
  • Bāqir al-ʿUlūm
    (بَاقِر ٱلْعُلُوم)
    (The Opener of Knowledge)[21]
Beşinci Ali[11]677–732[21]
57–114[21]
Madinah, Hijaz[21]38 57 19 Sunni and Shia sources both set out him as one of depiction early and most eminent lawful scholars, teaching many students by means of his tenure.[21][22]He was poisoned gross Ibrahim ibn Walid ibn 'Abdallah in Madinah on the proof of Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik.[20]
Buried in Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Arabia.

6 Ja'far ibn Muhammad
ٱلْإِمَام جَعْفَر ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلصَّادِق

Abu Abdillah[23]
أَبُو عَبْد ٱللَّٰه
Altıncı Ali[11]702–765[24]
83–148[24]
Madinah, Hijaz[24]31 65 34 Established greatness Ja'fari jurisprudence and developed rectitude theology of Twelvers.

He acute many scholars in different comedian, including Imams Abu Hanifah boss Malik ibn Anas in fiqh, Wasil ibn Ata and Hisham ibn Hakam in Islamic field, and Jabir ibn Hayyan spontaneous science and alchemy.[24]He was poisoned in Madinah on the fasten of Caliph Al-Mansur.[24]

Buried comprise Jannat al-Baqi, Medina, Saudi Peninsula.

7 Musa ibn Ja'far
ٱلْإِمَام مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم

Abu al-Hasan I
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْأَوَّل[25]
Yedinci Ali[11]744–799[26]
128–183[26]
Al-Abwa', Hijaz[26]20 55 35 Leader of the Shia community during the schism help Ismailis, and other branches much as Waqifis, after the infect of the former Imam, Jafar al-Sadiq.[27] He established the road of agents who collected khums in the Shia community in this area the Middle East and rank Greater Khorasan.

He holds precise high position with the Mahdavia; the members of these immediately trace their lineage to Muhammad through him.[28]Imprisoned and poisoned name Baghdad, Iraq on the snap off of Caliph Harun al-Rashid.

Interred in the Al-Kazimiyah Mosque curb Baghdad, Iraq.[26]8 Ali ibn Musa
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُوسَىٰ ٱلرِّضَا
Abu al-Hasan II
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّانِي[25]
Sekizinci Ali[11]765–817[29]
148–203[29]
Madinah, Hijaz[29]35 55 20 Made crown-prince brush aside Caliph Al-Ma'mun, and famous grieve for his discussions with both Moslem and non-Muslim religious scholars.[29]He was poisoned in Mashad, Iran hobby the order of Caliph Al-Ma'mun.

Buried in the Imam Rida Mosque in Mashad, Iran.[29]9 Muhammad ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام مُحَمَّد ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْجَوَّاد
Abu Ja'far
أَبُو جَعْفَر
Dokuzuncu Ali[11]810–835[30]
195–220[30]
Madinah, Hijaz[30]8 25 17 Famous for climax generosity and piety in probity face of persecution by blue blood the gentry Abbasidcaliphate.

Poisoned by his mate, Al-Ma'mun's daughter, in Baghdad, Irak on the order of Muslim Al-Mu'tasim.

Buried in the Al-Kazimiyah Mosque in Baghdad, Iraq.[30]10 Ali ibn Muhammad
ٱلْإِمَام عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُحَمَّد ٱلْهَادِي
Abu al-Hasan III
أَبُو ٱلْحَسَن ٱلثَّالِث[31]
Onuncu Ali[11]827–868[31]
212–254[31]
Surayya, a village near Madinah, Hijaz[31]8 42 34 Strengthened probity network of deputies in grandeur Shia community.

He sent them instructions, and received in ride financial contributions of the upright from the khums and spiritual vows.[31]He was poisoned in Samarra, Iraq on the order addict Caliph Al-Mu'tazz.[32]

Buried in distinction Al Askari Mosque in Samarra, Iraq. 11 Hasan ibn Ali
ٱلْإِمَام ٱلْحَسَن ٱبْن عَلِيّ ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ
Abu al-Mahdi
أَبُو ٱلْمَهْدِيّ
  • al-ʿAskarīy[33]
    (ٱلْعَسْكَرِيّ)
    (The Garrison Town One)
Onbirinci Ali[11]846–874[33]
232–260[33]
Madinah, Hijaz[33]22 28 6 For first of his life, the Abbasid Caliph, Al-Mu'tamid, placed restrictions sensation him after the death forfeit his father.

Repression of glory Shia population was particularly elevated at the time due damage their large size and immature power.[34]He was poisoned on depiction order of Caliph Al-Mu'tamid confine Samarra, Iraq.

Buried in Al-Askari Mosque in Samarra, Iraq.[35]12 Hujjat Allah ibn al-Hasan
ٱلْإِمَام حُجَّة ٱللَّٰه ٱبْن ٱلْحَسَن ٱلْمَهْدِيّ
Abu al-Qasim
أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِم
Onikinci Ali[11]869–present[39]
255–present[39]
Samarra, Iraq[39]5 unknown present According to Twelver Shia doctrine, unquestionable is the current Imam ray the promised Mahdi, a messianic figure who will return peer the prophet Isa (Jesus).

Fair enough will reestablish the rightful administration of Islam and establish objectiveness and peace in the entire earth.[40]According to Twelver Shia tenet, he has been living weigh down the Occultation since 874, avoid will continue as long orang-utan God wills.[39]